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Baruch Spinoza
Baruch (de) Spinoza[14][b] (24 November 1632 – 21 February 1677)[21][22] was a philosopher of Portuguese-Jewish origin,[23] born in Amsterdam, the Dutch Republic,[24] and mostly known under the Latinized pen name Benedictus de Spinoza.
After stating his proof for God's existence, Spinoza addresses who "God" is. Spinoza believed that God is "the sum of the natural and physical laws of the universe and certainly not an individual entity or creator".[105] Spinoza attempts to prove that God is just the substance of the universe by first stating that substances do not share attributes or essences and then demonstrating that God is a "substance" with an infinite number of attributes, thus the attributes possessed by any other substances must also be possessed by God. Therefore, God is just the sum of all the substances of the universe. God is the only substance in the universe, and everything is a part of God. This view was described by Charles Hartshorne as Classical Pantheism.[106] (View Highlight)